A wood grinding machine is widely used in industrial enterprises and in everyday life, where various surfaces are processed during the manufacturing process or during construction and repair work.
With the help of such a compact device, craftsmen quickly and efficiently grind or polish floors and walls, restore dilapidated furniture and clean the surface of old paintwork.
Types of cars
Modern equipment with such functionality can be divided into several types according to the principle of operation and design features of grinding units. Choosing a wood grinding machine, you need to focus on its purpose, for which we offer to get acquainted with the main types of equipment and its features.
Tape (LSM). The main purpose of belt sanders is rough wood processing. Depending on the interchangeable nozzle, they can also be used to process metal and plastic parts.
Vibrating. Such samples are used where it is necessary to carry out delicate grinding of the workpiece in circular motions of small amplitude. The working "sole" of the vibration units is made in the shape of a rectangle specifically for corner processing. One of the varieties of such a device is a delta grinder, characterized by a triangular working element, providing for the processing of recesses and recesses, as well as hard-to-reach areas.
Eccentric (ESM) or orbital. Such an aggregate is not only capable of grinding, but also polishing, after which the material acquires a perfectly smooth surface. This effect is achieved due to the vibrational-rotational movements of the device plate. However, it is worth noting that such equipment is not suitable for small surfaces and internal corners.
Application features
When choosing a grinder for home use, make sure that this model is suitable for the intended procedures and will be able to fully complete the tasks.
Each type of grinder has its own characteristics and recommendations for use, which we suggest that you briefly familiarize yourself with.
Tape machines
Belt grinders are purchased by those who plan to remove an impressive layer of wood from the workpiece. In this segment, a good electric tool is represented by Bosch and Makita brands, which are very popular among craftsmen. They perfectly process not planed wood and remove an old thick layer of paint from carpentry. A belt sander will help out if it is necessary to fit furniture elements or polish the ends and places of cuts.
The principle of operation of this type of machine is the impact of abrasive material on the workpiece. So, an emery tape stretched over the rollers along the ring moves with a given speed, removing a thick layer of material, as an electric planer does. The thickness of the removed layer and the quality of work can be controlled by the granularity of the tape and the number of revolutions of the working element, and the width of the abrasive affects the area processed in one pass.
In most cases, the presented brands of belt grinding machines are equipped with a standard tape 76x457, 76x533 or 76x610 mm, therefore it is convenient to process wooden material of various sizes with their help, choosing the best sanding option. Semi-professional units can be equipped with an abrasive with a width of more than 100 mm, but such equipment is unlikely to be useful to home masters. The standard rotation speed parameters for these machines vary between 150 - 500 m / min and their power is 400 - 1200 W.
When choosing belt-type grinding machines, give preference to samples with speed control and automatic alignment of a stretched abrasive made on the basis of zirconium or aluminum oxide. As practice shows, for more gentle work, an oxide of aluminum tape is chosen, such as shown in the photo.
Vibrating apparatus
According to the principle of operation, vibroengineering for polishing wood is similar to the previous version. Here, the process is performed by light vibrational-rotational movements with an amplitude of up to 5 mm using ordinary sandpaper sheets. The type of emery grit depends on the tasks, this rule is constant for all types of equipment. The abrasive material is fixed to the "sole" of the machine with Velcro or by means of a special clamp provided by the design of the unit.
By tradition, we turn to the Bosch and Makita grinders, which rightfully lead the carpentry market among similar devices. In addition to their main purpose, they remove the corrosive manifestations from metal products without a trace, remove paint, remove plaster and putty. By adjusting the amplitude level, you can choose the degree of grinding, from coarse to finer. Household versions of cars have a speed of 2000 - 5000 rpm, and their oscillation speed is in the range of 2500 per minute.
The power of such units can range from 150 to 600 watts, and when buying a tool, these parameters are one of the most important. The higher the power indicators of the grinding device, the longer you can work without interruption on such equipment, and its performance will also be much better.
Eccentric machine
Despite some similarities between orbital grinders and vibrational samples, it is worth noting their higher performance. This machine allows you to effortlessly get a perfectly polished surface. The workflow here is carried out using a disk element with a diameter of up to 150 mm. As an abrasive on eccentric aggregates emery wheels or felt nozzles are installed, indispensable for polishing procedures.
Even a novice without experience can work on the eccentric unit with his own hands, the main thing is to correctly determine the optimal power on the device. Returning to the representatives of the Makita and Bosch family, we note that their power varies between 200 - 650 W at a speed of up to 13000 per minute. As with any choice of a grinding tool, in this case, it is worth giving preference to machines with the ability to select the vibration amplitude and speed, which will facilitate the execution of tasks.
An orbital-type wood sander from the two leading manufacturers mentioned above costs from 4,000 rubles, and its cost can vary depending on technical characteristics and equipment. In order not to overpay in vain for unnecessary options, think in advance what and how you will do such a machine.
Homemade option
Sometimes the price of a factory tool makes you think about making a grinder yourself, especially if you need to do a one-time job on a small scale. Many craftsmen build a grinding machine from a familiar grinder, which, in principle, is an angle grinder, but some differences still exist. It is worth remembering that the Bulgarian operates at high speeds, and it weighs a lot, so without experience and a “full” hand, dealing with it can be difficult. In order to grind using angle grinders to give the desired result, you need to be able to use nozzles and polishing wheels specially designed for such purposes. Unlike a traditional grinder, a wood grinding machine has much lower speeds and is inferior to it in weight.
If you firmly decided to convert the angle grinder into a grinder for processing floors or other surfaces, which will not be inferior to the factory models in anything, you will have to modify the electrical circuit of the original tool. Here you will need additional equipment of the grinder with a speed regulator, which helps to reduce their number. You will also have to buy a set of special nozzles, but this is a consumable item, and its purchase is relevant in any case.
Drill grinder
The characteristic of grinding units allows you to make a compact hand-held power tool from a conventional drill, for which it is equipped with an additional nozzle. Depending on the nature of the work performed, a drum or disk element may act as a working nozzle. The support plate with a shank for clamping into the drill chuck is made of plastic or rubber glued with emery material. A part with a flexible shaft can be installed on a tool operating in manual mode, and if there is a hard shaft, it is better to fix it on a securely fixed drill. If grinding is carried out using abrasive drums, then the working surface of the grinding machine must be placed parallel to the axis of rotation.
As you can see, you can make a grinder with your own hands from a drill or grinder in a short time without resorting to complex schemes and expensive components. Such a compact device can handle wooden surfaces, polish hard materials and remove the old paintwork, which is necessary when performing construction and repair procedures, as well as restoration of furniture.
Popular models and cost
If you want to choose a reliable factory device, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the table containing popular equipment models, their main characteristics and estimated prices.
Model | Power, W | Speed m / min | Weight, kg | price, rub. |
Makita 9924 DB | 850 | 210 – 400 | 4,5 | 15930 |
Bosch GBS 75 AE | 750 | 200 – 330 | 3,4 | 15050 |
SparkyMBS 976 | 900 | 160 – 340 | 3,4 | 6582 |
AEG BBSE 1100 | 1010 | 230 – 400 | 5 | 15470 |
Skil 7640 MA | 950 | 340 | 3,6 | 6100 |