Finishing the basement of a private building performs not only a decorative function, but also protects the lower part of the building from environmental influences. The basement is a part of the foundation towering above the surface of the earth, protecting it from moisture and cold. Therefore, it must be lined with durable and resistant, but at the same time beautiful material.
Types of finishes
To date, the building materials market offers a variety of varieties of foundation finishing. An ordinary consumer is often worried about what material is ideal for facing the basement of a private house.
Options for the most popular finishing materials:
- natural or artificial stone;
- decorative plaster;
- facing brick;
- siding;
- clinker tile;
- sandwich panels.
Natural stone basement
This type of finish is the most expensive option. In addition, this is a very long-term event. But natural stone in its characteristics is better than many materials, it is resistant to the environment and extremely durable. If they overlay the facade of a wooden house, it will give the building an expensive and solid look.
Most often it is made of limestone, sandstone, marble, granite or onyx. Natural stone does not require additional care. Tiles are available in different sizes - from brick to slabs and textures (smooth or grained).
Installation of stone tiles:
- Using an adhesive for working with stone, the tile is glued one at a time to the base. To avoid delamination and cracking, use only this adhesive.
- To achieve the effect of integrity, the distance between small tiles should be no more than 6 mm, and between large ones - 2-3 mm or 1-2 cm, with a visible separation.
- Filling the joints makes a frost-resistant solution, and the treatment of sandstones and limestones is carried out with a water-repellent.
Basement with artificial stone
Existing options for artificial stone, as well as a large selection of colors, allow you to choose the material for every taste. It must be durable, resistant to moisture and temperature extremes.
Artificial material is visually almost indistinguishable from natural, but has a lower cost.
Installation of artificial tiles.
Stone tiles are glued to an elastic or simple mortar. It is better to treat the lined base with a water-repellent; this measure will increase the operational life by more than 3-4 years.
Basement siding
Facing the siding base is an economical and quick finish. The material is not afraid of temperature fluctuations and moisture, this makes it possible to use in any conditions.
The cost of siding panels is much lower than stone, and finishing works are faster and easier. In addition, this material is quite beautiful, and also looks solid.
Plastering the plinth
This is a relatively inexpensive, but effective way to make insulation and protect the foundation from environmental influences. In former times, the basement was simply plastered, now the foundation insulation is mandatory applied with all kinds of heat-insulating materials with further application of plaster.
Warming prevents the penetration of cold to the foundation of the building, while the mesh creates a solid base for applying the mortar and structural strength. To protect against moisture and improve appearance, the foundation surface is then painted.
You can veneer the finished base with stone or siding.
Foundation decoration
Such a finish consists in decorating the foundation with the help of staining, creating effects, siding. Also, with a rasp, you can create a semblance of brick or masonry, mark seams with contrasting paint, or stone overlay.
Finishing the basement of the house with mineral plaster
This type of material has small fractions from 0.8 to 3 mm in diameter. The resin contained in the base of the plaster gives it water-repellent properties. In this case, the material is resistant to cold, mechanical damage.. It has vapor permeability.
It is possible to apply the material on concrete, gypsum, as well as mineral plasters. Mosaic plaster should not be applied over artificial substrates.
The process of applying plaster:
- The application of mineral plaster is done manually. Before applying the mosaic plaster, the base should be slightly covered with a plaster solution to enhance adhesion to the foundation.
- Mosaic plaster is laid with a layer corresponding to the diameter of the fractions. Smooth a stainless steel grater before it dries. The direction of movement of the grater does not change. Work is carried out on a wet surface to avoid visible joints.
- The finished base in the very first days is treated with a hydrophobic composition.
Thermal panels
Thermal panels adhere to the base like a regular tile. Glue foam or glue for expanded polystyrene is applied to their ends. Panels are glued and seams are rubbed. The grout paste should be the color of a thermal panel or white. For optimal shrinkage, marble chips are included.
The insulation of the corners of a wooden house is carried out using an angular thermal panel, made manually using a construction knife.
Advantages of the thermal panel:
- She does not need processing, and also coloring.
- Not contaminated, there is a self-cleaning effect.
- Easy installation and replacement of a damaged thermal panel.
- The outer layer of the panel is protected from moisture and is breathable.
- It is insensitive to ultraviolet light, reflects rays well.
- Thermopanels are inherent in elasticity, strength, and durability.
- It is resistant to temperature extremes.
- It has heat insulating as well as sound insulating properties.
- The panel is not subject to mold.
Cladding for plinth with clinker tiles
Such thermal panels can not only improve the appearance of the base of a private wooden house, but also make the foundation warm.
Clinker tiles imitate brick, but at a price much cheaper. It is made by the firing method, like natural brick bricks.
Thermal panels are plates of extruded polystyrene foam, trimmed with appropriate decorative elements. They are easy and quick to install, provide insulation, as well as protection against moisture.
Brick tile
The foundation, sheathed with such tiles, looks like a clinker brick wall, only much lighter and thinner. Tiles are glued to plaster, concrete and thermal insulation. It can bend and stick even on arched surfaces.
DIY basement trim:
- First, the line with which the sticker of the tiles begins is determined (the height of the base divided by the width of the tiles, plus the width of the seam).
- Glue is applied to the tile and base with an area of 1 square meter.
- Starting from the corner, the first 4 tiles are glued.
- After 2-3 days, tile joints can be filled with a cold-resistant jointing solution. This is not necessary because the puffer can be replaced by glue protruding from the seams.
- Such a tile does not need water-repellent impregnations, since it does not absorb moisture.
PVC paneling
This material will be a good choice for owners of a private house who decide to do without wet work. Panels can be easily installed on your own. In appearance, they can resemble mosaic plaster or a brick wall surface. They are granules made of natural material, recessed in the plane of the panels.
Panel Installation:
- The level is set and the start profile is set at the bottom of the foundation.
- With the help of grooves and ridges, adjacent elements are connected.
- The upper part of the cap is covered with a patch profile.
- Corners are closed by corner elements.
- The base, sheathed in this way, does not need to be treated with a water-repellent.
The foundation can be finished with small (0.4 by 0.18 m) or large (0.6 by 0.18 m and 1.2 by 0.18 m) panels in 40 color combinations.
Covering the basement of a wooden house with sandwich panels
The panels are made of two layers of material (mainly metal), connected by a heater by hot pressing. Due to the layered structure, the panels provide excellent insulation, durability and strength. In addition, they look presentable and easy to install, without undue strain on the base.
The surface is smooth, decorated or profiled.
The above materials for facing the base are most popular with the consumer, due to their decorative, heat-insulating and water-repellent qualities. The insulation of the basement of a wooden house can be performed using any of them.