Pile foundations are quite widespread. This is due to the low cost of the device and the possibility of application even on soft soils. But during construction, a problem arises: how to close the basement of a house built on screw piles?
The buildings located on the supports under consideration have a ventilated underground. For tying piles, a grillage is provided. It combines free-standing elements into one system. The grillage can be made of concrete or metal. When installing wooden or frame houses, the harness is made of wood.
The basement cladding will be attached to piles or walls of the house. To perform it, you will need to make a frame or crate. It is most convenient to make and fasten wooden boards. Their cross sections will depend on the pitch of the piles and the mass of the material used for cladding.
There are several options for resolving the issue of how to close the pile foundation from the outside. The basement of the house can be made of the following materials:
- siding;
- brick;
- plastic panels;
- metal professional sheet.
The choice of material depends on aesthetic and economic considerations.
Important! Whatever cladding of the basement of the house is chosen, it is necessary to provide for ventilation.
They are necessary for normal ventilation of the space under the building. Lack of products can lead to a direct danger to human life. You can often hear about the dangers of a gas like radon. It lies in the ground, but often rises and accumulates in the basements of buildings and underground. Continuous ventilation will help to avoid the accumulation of hazardous substances. Closing vents for the winter is highly discouraged.
Base siding
Building on screw piles is the easiest and cheapest way to sheathe such material. Facing has the following advantages:
- low cost (even taking into account components);
- ease of installation do-it-yourself;
- durability;
- wear resistance;
- resistance to decay and mold;
- wide range of colors;
- ease of operation.
But along with the advantages, siding has a number of disadvantages. For example, it will not work if necessary to insulate the base of the house on screw piles.
Mounting technology
Making the house sheathing is quite simple, you just need to know the order of work and the nuances of their implementation. The device base is performed in the following order:
- Installation of lathing for siding. First of all, fix the lower bar. It is parallel to the ground. The distance from the soil surface is assigned equal to 150-200 mm. Such a clearance is necessary to raise the casing above the ground. The distance from the panels to the ground after installation should be 50–70 mm. This layer compensates for the accumulation of soil in the winter. In warmer regions or on large clastic grounds, clearance can be reduced.
- Wooden boards are attached to piles. To do this, special brackets must be welded in advance to the heads. Also, as a frame, you can use a metal profile, which is welded to the foundations without additional elements.
- Similarly, the first fasten the bar in the upper part of the basement of the house on a screw foundation.
- Between the longitudinal guides sometimes perform a vertical crate. The need for it depends on the height of the base. With a high rise of the building from the ground, it is worthwhile to provide additional elements as reinforcement.
- Siding begins to mount from the lower starting bar. Basement panels are installed on it. Fastening elements to the crate is performed using self-tapping screws. For the installation of corners will require special profiles.
- In order to divert precipitation from the basement, ebbs are installed on the siding.
- Finishing the lower part of the house ends after clearance between the ground. The space must be closed so that there is an opportunity for air to enter, but small debris, insects and other animals did not have access.
All wooden elements are treated with antiseptic compounds before starting work. This is necessary to prevent damage by fungus, mold and rot. As additional measures, fire retardant treatment can be carried out.
Siding is the most common option. Finishing the building in this case is quick and easy. The device should start after the construction of the house is completed, when all communications have already been completed. So that the pipes do not freeze in a ventilated underground, they are wrapped with insulating material. Most often, mineral wool is used for these purposes. You can use ready-made insulation elements for pipes, or you can make insulation with mineral wool mats (wrapped in rolls).
Siding will be an excellent option in order to close the space under the house. To fasten the panels to the crate, it is necessary to prepare self-tapping screws.
Brick finish
Facing can be made of more serious materials. The brick will make it possible to build strong and durable protection. You can also choose this type due to aesthetic reasons.
Brick building begins with the installation of a base for masonry. As in the case of siding, it is required to provide a layer that compensates for soil deformations in the winter. There are two options for the foundation:
- Monolithic unfilled tape. This option is not recommended for construction on heaving soils. It can be used only in coarse and sandy soils (medium or coarse sand).
- At a distance of 50–70 mm from the ground, a corner is welded to the metal heads of the piles. The shelf of this profile will become the basis for a brick wall. It is recommended to take an equal-shelf corner with a shelf width of 120 mm. The thickness of the hire is determined depending on the height of the masonry and the distance between the piles. If in doubt, it is better to take the product thicker.
The length of the rolled metal can be 6 or 12 m. Choose depending on what is available, and on the length of the walls of the building.
Brick laying must be done with dressing. To connect the elements together, a masonry mortar made of sand and cement is used. The thickness of the joints is on average equal to 10-12 mm.
Brick finish has the following advantages:
- good thermal insulation performance of the material (it is worth choosing a hollow ceramic brick with improved performance);
- no need for additional decoration;
- maintainability;
- durability.
Also, the finish is characterized by a number of disadvantages. These include a large mass and cost, the complexity, limited color solutions.
Plastic panels
Fastening materials to piles is carried out using the same technology as in the case of siding. If you sew up the space under the house with panels, you can get the following advantages:
- attractive appearance;
- a wide range of colors and textures (you can choose an imitation of brick or natural stone);
- rigidity;
- resistance to mechanical and chemical influences;
- lack of decay;
- affordable price.
But when choosing, it is worth remembering that despite the efforts of manufacturers, natural brick or stone look better than the finish of artificial materials.
Decking
A profiled sheet or corrugated board can simply be attached to a wooden crate. The frame is arranged in the same way as for installing siding. The metal material with a special coating is highly durable, easy to use and operate. There are a large number of color schemes. But the basement made of corrugated board is not suitable for all buildings, it is important to pay attention to the skin material of the main structure.
When choosing a siding, brick, panels or decking to perform work, it is required to strictly observe the fastening technology and take into account the appearance of the building, the integrity of the facade should not be violated.